Menelik II, King of Shewa from 1866 to 1889, and Emperor of Ethiopia from 1889 until his death in 1913, photographed in the early 1900s. He is widely honored by many Ethiopians and commemorated during the celebration of the Battle of Adwa. Many Pan-Africans regard him as an advocate for African independence against European powers during the Scramble for Africa.

Menelik II, King of Shewa from 1866 to 1889, and Emperor of Ethiopia from 1889 until his death in 1913, photographed in the early 1900s. He is widely honored by many Ethiopians and commemorated during the celebration of the Battle of Adwa. Many Pan-Africans regard him as an advocate for African independence against European powers during the Scramble for Africa.