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From Professor: Imad Harzawi
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• In addition to the tangible material evidence that proves that the ancestors of today’s Egyptians were of brown and black Sudanese origin, there is historical textual evidence from the famous Greek and Roman writers who lived in their time with the ancestors of the current Egyptians, and we have decided to convey them in this opportunity for the public benefit, as follows: -
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1) Herodotus: The Father of History (480-425 BC) wrote the following:
It is clear, in fact, that the Colchians are Egyptian in origin, and many Egyptians have mentioned to me that they believe that the Colchians are descendants of the soldiers of Sesostris (Senusret). I concluded this myself from two indicators, the first of which is that they have black skin and curly hair.
(Source: Herodotus' History, Book Two, Paragraph 104).
2) Aristotle: (398-232 BC) scientist, philosopher, and teacher of Alexander the Great.
In one of his less important works, Aristotle attempts, with unexpected naivety, to establish a relationship between the physical and behavioral nature of living beings and leaves evidence of the Egyptian-Ethiopian race in which he confirms what Herodotus suggests, as he goes to:
That those black people are cowards, and their examples include the Egyptians and Ethiopians?! However, very white people are also cowards, as we can see in women, as the complexion of courage is somewhere between the two.
(Source: Aristotle. Physiognomy. p. 6).
3) Lucian: The Greek writer (125-190). Lucian’s evidence is similar in clarity to the evidence of the previous two writers. He presents to us two Greeks, Lycinus and Timolaus, between whom the following conversation takes place:
Lykinos describes a young Egyptian man: This boy is not only black, but he has plump lips, very thin legs, and his hair is braided back, which indicates that he is not free.
Timolaus: But this, Lycinus, is a sign of the truly distinguished origin in Egypt, since children born free braided their hair until they reached manhood. This is in complete contrast to the custom that our ancestors were accustomed to when they saw that it was good-looking for elderly men to fasten their hair with a brooch to keep it in good condition. status.
(Source: Lucian. Navigation. Paragraphs 2-3).
4) Apollodorus: a Greek philosopher from the first century BC who says:
Aegyptus took over the country of the black-footed people and named it Egypt after him.
(Source: Apollodorus. Book II. Paragraphs 3-4).
5) Aeschylus: (525-426 BC) the father of Greek tragedy. In the play The Supplicants, he writes the following:
Danaos flees with his Danaos (Greek) daughters, and his brother Aegyptus pursues him, along with his Egyptian (Egyptian) sons who want to forcefully marry their cousins. Danaos climbs a hill, looks at the sea, and describes his nephews pulling the oars from afar with these words:
I can see the sailors in their black limbs and white shirts.
(Source: Aeschylus. The Supplicants. Verses 719 and 720).
6) Achilles Tatius: Alexandrian in the second century AD, compares the shepherds of the Delta to the Ethiopians (Sudanese) and points out that they are dark in color and resemble the mestizos.
7) Strabo: The famous geographer (58 BC - 25 AD). Strabo visited Egypt and almost all the countries of the Roman Empire. He takes the theory that the Egyptians and the Colchians are of the same race, but he believes that the migrations from Ethiopia (Sudan) and the Colchians came from Egypt alone.
(Source: Strabo. Geography. Book I. Chapter 3, Paragraph 1).
8) Diodorus of Sicily: (63 BC - 14 AD) A Greek historian contemporary with Caesar Augustus. According to Diodorus, it was Ethiopia (Sudan) that colonized Egypt. According to the Greek concept of the term, it means that when the population grows, a portion of them migrates to new lands.
Diodorus says: The Ethiopians say that the Egyptians are one of their communities that Osiris led to Egypt. They say that Egypt was at the beginning of the world just a sea, but the Nile, by carrying huge quantities of silt from Ethiopia in its flood waters, filled it and made it part of the continent. They add, meaning the Ethiopians (the Sudanese) that The Egyptians transmitted from them, as founders and ancestors, the greater part of their laws.
(Source: Diodorus. History of the World. Book III).
9) Diogenes Laertius: He wrote the following about Zeno, the founder of the Stoic school (323-261 BC). Zeno, son of Menassias, or Demias, was a citizen of Actium in Cyprus, a Greek city that had some Ethiopian communities. Timotheus of Athens describes Zeno as having a crooked neck and says about Apollonius of Tyre, that he was thin, tall, and black, and then the special fact, according to what Chrysippus says in the first book of his parables, is that some have called it an Egyptian perennial plant with a long stem. (Source: Diogenes Laertius. Book VII. 1).
10) Ammianus Marcellinus: (330-400 AD) Roman historian and friend of Emperor Julian writes:
Most of Egypt's men are brown and black and appear thin and slender.
It also confirms the previously stated opinion of the Colchians, where he says:
Beyond this country is the heart of the country of the Kamaris and the Phasis River, which flows quickly at the borders of the Colchians, an ancient race of Egyptian origin.
(Source: Ammianus Marklinus. Book XXII. No. 16. 23).
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the pictures:-
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• A statue of Osiris, Isi and Hor.
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Source:-
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• General History of Africa. The second part. Chapter one. Cheikh Anta Diop. Pages 47-54 (adapted).
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